Англо-Саксонските хронологии..
неколку најважни..
Manuscript A: The Parker Chronicle (60 B.C. - A.D. 1070),
Manuscript B: The Abigdon Chronicle I (A.D. 1 - A.D. 977),
Manuscript C: The Abigdon Chronicle II (60 B.C. - A.D. 1066),
Manuscript D: The Worcester Chronicle (A.D. 1 - A.D. 1079), (with twelfth-century addition 1080 - 1130 A.D.),
Manuscript E: The Laud (Petersburg) Chronicle (A.D. 1 - A.D. 1153),
Manuscript F: The Bilingual Canterbury Epitome (A.D. 1 - A.D. 1058).
кои опишуваат..
AZOV SEA = Meotedisc lakes, Meotedisc fen, Maeotidi lacus, Maeotidi paludes, palus Maeotis, paludes Maeotis, paludes Maeotidae, Paluz Meotidienes.
ALANIA = Valana, Alania, Valana, Valvy, Polovtzy ?! - see below.
ALBANIANS = Liubene, Albani.
AMAZONS LAND = Maegda land, Maegda londe, Amazonia.
ALBANIANS = Maegda land, Maegda londe, Amazonia.
BULGARIANS = Wlgari, Bulgari, Bougreis.
BUG RIVER = Armilla.
VANDALS = Wandali, Sea-cost Slavs.
HUNGARY = Hungaria, Hunia, Ungaria, Minor Ungaria.
BYZANTINE EMPIRE = Graecia, Constantinopolis,
VALACHIANS = Coralli, Blachi, Ilac, Blac, Turks ! (see below).
VALACHIA = Balchia.
VOLGA RIVER = Ethilia.
GALITZK-VOLYNSK RUSSIA = Galacia, Gallacia.
GERMANY = Gothia, Mesia, Theutonia, Germania, Allemania, Jermaine.
HIBERNIC OCEAN = The English Channel, Hibernicum occeanum.
HIBERNIA = Ireland (!)
GOTHIA = Germany, Island Gotland, Scandinavia, Tavrida (=old name of Crimea).
GUNNS = Hunni, Huni, Hun.
DACKS = Dani, Daneis.
DENMARK = Denemearc, Dacia, Dania, Desemone.
DUTCH = Daci, Dani, Norddene, Denen.
DARDANELLES (the strait) = St. Georg strait = branchium Sancti Georgii.
DERBENT (passage) = Alexander gates = Alexandres herga, Porta ferrea Alexandri, claustra Alexandri.
DNEPR RIVER = Aper.
DOGI = Russians (see below).
DON RIVER = Danai, Thanais, Tanais.
MEDIEVAL RUSSIA = Susie,Russie,Russie,Rusia,Russia,Ruthenia,Rutenia,Ruthia,Ruthena,Ruscia,Russcia, Russya,Rosie.
DANUBE RIVER = Danubius,Hister,Danuvius,Damaius,Deinphirus,Danube.
IRON GATES = see "Derbent".
IRELAND = Hybernia.
ICELAND = Ysolandia.
CAUCASUS = beorg Taurus,Caucasus.
CASPIAN SEA = Caspia garsecge,mare Caspium.
CASSARIA = Chasaria (! (see below)
KIEV = Chyo (!), Cleva (!), Riona (!),
CHINESE = Cathaii.
CORALLS = Wlaches (see above), Turks (see above),
RED SEA = mare Rubrum.
ENGLISH CHANNEL = Hibernic ocean , Hibernicum occeanum.
MARBURG = Merseburg.
MESIA = Moesia, Germany (see above),
MONGOLIANS = Moal, Tatars (see above),
NARVA = Armilla.
GERMANS = Germanici,Germani, Teutonici,Theutonici,Allemanni.
NETHERLANDS = Frisia, Arise.
NORMANS = Nordmenn.
OCEAN = Garsecg, Oceano, Oceanus, Occeanus,Ocean.
PECHENEGS (medieval neighbours of Russians) = Getae.
POLOVTZY (medieval neighbours of Russians) = Planeti, Captac, Cumani, Comanii,Alani, Values, Valani.(See Comment 1.)
PRUSSIA = Prutenia (!).(P-Rutenia = P-Russia).
PRUSSES = Prateni, Pruteni, Pructeni, Prusceni, Praceni, Pruceni.
RIONA = Kiev (see above
RUGS = Russians, , Sea-cost, Slavs (see below)
RUSSIANS = Russii, Dogi (!), Rugi (!), Rutheni (!), Rusceni.
RUTHENS = Russians (see above)
THE ARCTIC OCEAN = Sciffia garsecg, Occeanus Septentrionalis, mare Scythicum.
SITHIA = Scithia (see above)
SCANDINAVIANS = Gothi.
SCYTHS = Scithes, Scythae, Cit (!).
SCITHIA = Sithia, Barbaria, Scithia, Scythia, Sice (!).
SEA-SIDE SCLAVI = Winedas, Wandali, Roge.
TAVR = Caucasus (see above)
TAVRIDA (CRIMEA) = Gothia (!!!)
TANAIS = Don (see above)
TYRRHENIAN SEA = mare Tyrene.
TATARS (MONGOLS) = Tartareori, gens Tartarins, Tartari, Tartariti, Tartarii, Tattari, Tatari, Tartarii, Thartarei.
TURKS = Coralli,Thurki,Turci,Blachi, Ilac, Blac (!!!).
URAL MOUNTAINS = Riffeng beorgum, Hyberborei montes, montes Riph(a)eis, Hyperborei montes.
FRANCE = Gallia, Francia.
FRISIA = The Netherlands (see above.)
CHASARIA = Cassaria, Cessaria (!!!).
CHASARS = Chazari.
CHIO = Kiev (see above)
SCOTLAND = Scotia, Gutlonde.
BLACK SEA = Euxinus, Pontius, mare Ponticum, mare Majus.
CHINGIS-CHAN = Cingis, Churchitan, Zingiton, Chircam, Cliyrcam, Gurgatan, Gurgatan, Cecarcarus, Ingischam, Tharsis (!), DAVID (!), PRESBYTER IOHANNES (!!).
JAROSLAV THE WISE (Kiev Princeps Magnus) = Malesclodus, Malescoldus. Juriscloth (= Jurius- Georgius), Juliusclodius (= Julius-Clodius). Julius Claudius.
русија..
Let us present a typical example of old English historical text: "He escaped to the kingdom of Dogs, which we prefer to call RUSSIA. When the king of [this] land - MALESCLODUS - learned about him, he was given a great honor"
Here is a Latin original text: "Aufugit ad regnum Dogorum, quod nos melius vocamus Russiam. Quem rex terrae Malescoldus nomine, ut cognovit quis esset, honeste retinuit"
..Тhis example suggests that even a direct understanding...
и плус..
For example, it is well-known that the old name of England and English people was not "England" but "Anglia", "Angles" (from "Angel"), maybe "Angeln" ([2], p.12-13,289).
Term "Angels" as a name of population appears in Anglo-Saxon Chronicle at a date 443 A.D. After that this term is used constantly.
The first king which was called as "king of Anglia (England)" was Athelstan (925-940) ([7],p.340).
Note that "Angels" was also a famous noble feudal family in Byzantine which includes Byzantine emperor dynasty of Angels (1185-1204) ([15], p.166).
The natural question arises:
may be the name "England" - "Angels" - "Anglia" is the reflection of the name of Byzantine dynasty Angels of 11-12th cc.?
зошто?....
пратејќи ја Англиската официјална рано-средновековна хронологија..
се добива впечаток дека е (со околу 300 г.) копија на МАКЕДОНСКО-(ВИЗАНТИЈСКАТА) ИМПЕРИЈА (хронологија)..
т.е..
како да ја опишуваат токму таа Источно-Римската Империја..
како?...
The answer will be extremely simple if we will erase from our minds the picture which is imposed by traditional Scaliger's chronology.
Starting from 11th century, several crusades storm the Byzantine empire. Several feudal crusaders' states were founded on the territory of Byzantine empire in 11-14th cc. In these states many nations were mixed: local population, the crusaders from England, France, Germany, Italy etc. In these crusaders' regions and in Byzantine empire the new culture was created, in particular, were written a historical chronicles. Among Byzantine inhabitants were a lot of people from Europe, in particular, from some island, which later will be called England....
In 1453 A.D. Turks conquered Constantinople.......
In 16-17th centuries some qualified historians appear and start to create the general history of the whole land Anglia ("from the beginning")....
They search for ancient documents. Suddenly they find several old trunks with "very old" documents. The documents are dusty, the paper is very fragile, and the old books fall to pieces. These chronicles were transported from Byzantine empire. But now (in 16-17th cc.) nobody knew this. Unfortunately, the prehistory of these trunks is forgotten. And, unfortunately, is forgotten that these chronicles describe the history of ANOTHER LAND. ...
The English historians of 16-17th centuries carefully analyse these texts as the history "of island England" and put them into the basis of "old British-island history, which started many centuries ago". In some strong sense they were right because really the authors of the chronicles were closely connected with island Anglia (but, let us repeat, described ANOTHER LAND - Byzantine empire)....
And only today, using some statistical and other methods we start to discover some strange regularities inside the "history textbook" and start to realize that the real history was possibly sufficiently shorter and that today we need to remove from the "old English history" its "Byzantine part" and return this piece to its right place (in time and in the geographical sense).........
Do we interpret ancient texts in a proper way? Problem of vowels restoration. In the attempt to read and date the most of the ancient manuscripts (ancient Egyptian, ancient Slavonic, biblical et cetera) certain basic problems are frequently encountered.]...
the original language of the Old Testament, he, in his words, "...faced the fact of enormous and even startling importance. The thing is that the Jewish written language originally had neither vowels nor signs replacing them. The books of the Old Testament were written only with consonants" ([16], p. 155)......
This is also typical for other languages. For example, an ancient Slavonic text was a chain of only consonants, too; sometimes even without signs replacing the vowels, or without division into words. Old Egyptian texts were also written in consonants only....