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http://www.vagabond-bg.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1739
Еве една интересна статија, која објаснува за Антисемитизмот во Бугарија. Пошто е актуелна темата за говор на омраза во Македонија, би издвоил неколку пасуси:
Прво ќе почнам од корените на модерниот анти-семитизам
Преку холокаустот и „Финалното решение“ на Хитлер:
За кој доста допринеле:
И одиме во поствоениот период:
И доаѓаме до пост-социјалистичкиот период, тоест сегашноста:
Еве една интересна статија, која објаснува за Антисемитизмот во Бугарија. Пошто е актуелна темата за говор на омраза во Македонија, би издвоил неколку пасуси:
Прво ќе почнам од корените на модерниот анти-семитизам
An urban myth was put into circulation that the gates of Tarnovo, the Mediaeval Bulgarian capital, had been surreptitiously opened for the invaders by a Jew, an act of high treason that would condemn Bulgaria to 500 years of Ottoman "yoke." The myth lives on to this day. The great man of letters of the Bulgarian National Revival, Ivan Vazov (1850-1921), produced an unusually acrimonious rhyme about that "dirty Jew"; and as late as 1930 Angel Karaliychev, a popular writer of children’s fiction, published a story about this "Jewish treachery."
The folklore of those years abounded in images of Jewish usurers conspiring with the Ottomans against the Bulgarians. One example lasting to this day is the Orthodox rite of baptism: the godfather of a child says to the mother: "I took from you a Jew, I give you back a Christian."
British Prime Minister Benjamin Disraeli, a Christianised Jew, was singled out for special castigation: "Oh, pity you, England, for being ruled by a kike," Ivan Vazov exclaimed in a poem.
Преку холокаустот и „Финалното решение“ на Хитлер:
In 1939, in a copycat Kristallnacht, extremists in Sofia smashed the windows of Jewish shops and destroyed Jewish property.
Under the 1940 Defence of the Nation Act, the Bulgarian Jews were stripped of political, economic and other civil rights. Jewish men were forced into labour camps, and all Jews were ordered to wear yellow Star of David badges.
The Bulgarian Army, which administered Vardar Macedonia and Aegean Thrace, organised with unprecedented cruelty the deportation of over 11,000 Jews to Nazi-occupied Poland. The majority of those perished in the death camps at Treblinka and Auschwitz.
За кој доста допринеле:
The Bulgarian government had decided to deport all of the Jews in Bulgaria-proper as well. Famously, the plan failed to materialise in what would later be dubbed the "Salvation of the Bulgarian Jews." This is well-known. What is not so well known, however, is that the Final Solution itself might have been inspired by a Bulgarian. Criticising demands by Spain, Hungary and Romania for a different treatment of their Jews, Ivan Popov, the Bulgarian foreign minister, insisted to his German counterpart Joachim von Ribbentrop that all Jews in all European states be treated equally, hinting at a "common solution" to the "Jewish problem." The Wannsee Conference ensued in 1942.
И одиме во поствоениот период:
What the Nazis failed to do regarding the Bulgarian Jews the Communists achieved.
All pre-war Jewish organisations were disbanded, and the new Cultural Organisation of Bulgarian Jews was purged of religious functions. Jewish schools were gradually closed, synagogues were nationalised and turned into sports halls or warehouses. Jews were given quotas for higher education and the armed services. The Jewish News newspaper continued to circulate, but it was largely reduced to a mouthpiece of the regime.
The official propaganda of the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s spoke of two world evils, in this order: "Anglo-American Imperialism" and "International Zionist Reaction." While no Bulgarian save for those very well educated in history and political affairs knew anything about Zionism, the word itself became synonymous with aggression and anti-Socialist conspiracy.
И доаѓаме до пост-социјалистичкиот период, тоест сегашноста:
The 1990s and 2000s witnessed attacks on Jewish properties, including the vandalisation of cemeteries. The Jewish cemetery in Kyustendil, for example, was vandalised on seven different occasions, and the home of Shalom in Burgas was unsuccessfully set on fire. The Sofia Central Synagogue was burgled. In the 2000s, extremist political leaders have taken up antisemitism as their cause célèbre. Bulgarian publishers freely publish antisemitic literature by Hitler, Goebbels, Jürgen Graf and Henry Ford, and these books can be found in most Bulgarian bookshops and street stalls. The authorities have done little if anything to curtail their distribution, nor have they properly investigated the spraying of Jewish graves with swastikas in Shumen and elsewhere.
In the area of politics, "incitement to racial hatred" is banned. In reality, however, various groups openly indulge in antisemitic rhetoric. Ataka, the nationalist party of Volen Siderov, takes its cue from parties such as France’s Front national, Austria’s Freedom Party and the British National Front. It has a vocal parliamentary representation. One of Siderov’s favourite topics is the same old "world conspiracy."
The use of the Nazi swastika is widespread – from street gangs spraying it onto Gypsy homes and Turkish mosques, to football fans asserting their membership of a team, to anti-Communists pitching it against still omnipresent Red Army symbolism. The authorities usually consider it vandalism with no particular political meaning. Swastikas have been sprayed onto Jewish graves and can be seen in Central Sofia accompanied by the words "Juden Raus."
The main problem remains the ingrained antisemitic prejudice of ordinary Bulgarians. It is difficult to produce any precise data, but the language employed by Internet users to demonised Jews dwarfs any hate speech sometimes heard from extremists in Western Europe and the United States. This suggests that the type of Mediaeval antisemitism that held Jews responsible for everything from the crucifixion of Jesus Christ to the current world economic downturn is alive and well, and the belief in a "Judeo-Masonic plot" is something Bulgarians will have to live with for many years to come.