Main Entry:
1slave 
Pronunciation:
sl
v
Function:
noun
Etymology: Middle English
sclave "slave," from early French
esclave (same meaning), derived from Latin
Sclavus "Slav"
1 : a person who is owned by another person and can be sold at the owner's will
2 : a person who has lost self-control and is controlled by something or someone else <a
slave to bad habits>
3 : a person who performs difficult or boring work
: [SIZE=-1]DRUDGE[/SIZE]
-
slave adjective
Word History In the Middle Ages, Germanic people fought and raided other peoples, especially the Slavic peoples to the east. They took a great many captives there and sold them as slaves throughout Europe. The Slavic people were so common as slaves that writers of the time used the Latin word for "Slav,"
Sclavus, to mean "a personal slave." The Latin word became
sclave in Middle English and then
slave in Modern English. Of course slavery and slaves had existed long before the Middle Ages. The ancient Romans used the Latin word
servus for "slave." This Latin word is the ancestor of our word
servant. In French,
servus became
serf and was used for a slave who belonged to a piece of land rather than to an individual.
Serf has continued to mean this in both French and English, although serfs themselves no longer exist.
http://www.wordcentral.com/cgi-bin/student?slave
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slave (n.) 
late 13c., "person who is the property of another," from O.Fr. esclave (13c.), from M.L. Sclavus "slave" (cf. It. schiavo, Fr. esclave, Sp. esclavo), originally "Slav", so called because of the many Slavs sold into slavery by conquering peoples.
This sense development arose in the consequence of the wars waged by Otto the Great and his successors against the Slavs, a great number of whom they took captive and sold into slavery. [Klein]
O.E. Wealh "Briton" also began to be used in the sense of "serf, slave" c.850; and Skt. dasa-, which can mean "slave," is apparently connected to dasyu- "pre-Aryan inhabitant of India." More common O.E. words for slave were þeow (related to þeowian "to serve") and þræl (see
thrall). The Slavic words for "slave" (Rus. rab, Serbo-Croatian rob, O.C.S. rabu) are from O.Slav. *orbu, from the PIE base *orbh- (also source of orphan) the ground sense of which seems to be "thing that changes allegiance" (in the case of the slave, from himself to his master). The Slavic word is also the source of
robot. Applied to devices from 1904, especially those which are controlled by others (cf. slave jib in sailing, similarly of locomotives, flash bulbs, amplifiers). slave-driver is attested from 1807. In U.S. history, slavocracy "the political dominance of slave-owners" is attested from 1840.
slave (v.) c.1600, "to enslave," from
slave (n.). The meaning "work like a slave" is first recorded 1719. Related: Slaved; slaving.
Slave Indian tribe of northwestern Canada, 1789, from
slave, translating Cree (Algonquian) awahkan "captive, slave."
http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=slave
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http://foreigndispatches.typepad.com/dispatches/2004/10/slav_an_etymolo.html
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The etymology linking SLAVE and SLAV is legitimate, but often garbled or misrepresented. The Century Dictionary is a fine work, but this entry was written by someone who didn’t know Slavic languages well.
SLAVONI (mediaeval Latin), SCHIAVONI (Italian /Tuscan) are in fact related, but the connection is that Christian Venice and Ragusa (Dubrovnik) sold a lot of Slav girls and boys to the Muslim Arabs [ain’t religion grand?], who borrowed the ethnic term as SAQLAB, meaning “blond”, like Cuban Spanish POLACO “blond”, from “Pole/ Polak.” In Friulian, just north of Venice, SCLAV is to be translated ‘Slav’ or ‘slave’, depending on context.
Cf. Finnish ORJA ‘slave’ < ARYA’ Iranian’ (Aryans who stayed in the north, not migrating to Persia: their descendants the Scyths, Sarmatians etc.). Of. also Old English WEALH ‘foreigner, Briton, slave’, plural WALAS ‘Wales’.
The Byzantine Greeks ca. A. D. 500 had taken as SKLAVENI the Slavic word *SLOVENE (tri-syllabic) ‘Slavs'. In our day, the people of Carniola /Slovenia, are not to be confused with that original Slavic *SLOVENE, ethnonym for “us” – those whose languages makes sense”—SLOVO ‘word, speech’.
The Roman Church, recognized that mediaeval SLAVUS / SCLAVUS ( Byzantine Greek SKLAVOS, SKLAVENI ) was not classical, and so replaced it with classical Latin SERVUS. The pope signs his letters “Servus Servorum Dei”, misleadingly translated as ‘servant of the servants of God.’ Classical SERVUS is ‘slave.’
Student slang has spread ecclesiastical Latin SERVUS far beyond Italy. Poles use it. Germans, Hungarians, too; the latter spell it SZERVUSZ.
The Venetian equivalent of Friulian SCLAV and Tuscan SCHIAVO is SCIAO [pronounced S -CH - AH - O] was used, like Swedish Tjaenare ‘your servant’ German DIENER) is a stance executed with a click of the heels and snap of the head. The Austrians spread Italian CIAO far and wide. Venice was Austrian-controlled from 1798 until 1870. Southern Italian got it later, through movies on WW I, fought in the Veneto region. South Italians that I knew in upstate NY and in Brooklyn in the 1950s didn’t use “ciao” (or drink espresso). CIAO.
Rick Steves, the travel guru, confuses Slovenia with Slavonia (Italian Latin, for ‘Slav country’ to the east. George W Bush confused Slovakia and Slovenia. (Obama thinks there is an Austrian language.)
Cognates are English LISTEN and LOUD, and German LUD-WIG "famous in Battle".
Многу добар коментар...
http://podictionary.com/?p=146
